October, 2014 | KW Homestead

Month: October 2014 (page 1 of 3)

kuska wiñasun’s official farm bandanas: by 100% gdk!

my amazing friend georgia, who is a fantastic artist and as jason puts it, “an awesome gift giver,” has given us 6 fantastic bandanas!

she completely designed these bandanas herself, using photographs she took of our chickens feeding and our chia growing. the images of the chickens make radial blossoms and the chia leaves form bright pathways of green. she also included images of violets, petunias, and marigolds.

they are 100% cotton, machine washable, and she even stitched the seams herself!

as georgia wrote: they are our very first farm-issue work bandanas… for sun and sweat and messes!

amazing!!! be sure to check out her other creations at 100% GDK.

you can see the radial “chicken” blossoms in each of the 4 corners.

if you look closely at the chickens, you can recognize roosty, the bantam rooster, eating with the standard sized barred rocks and buff orpington.

if you look closely at the chickens, you can recognize roosty, our bantam rooster, eating with the standard sized barred rocks and buff orpingtons.

this is the third of her three designs. she made two of each!

.:.

Some of My Thoughts on GMOs

October 30, 2014 / jason / Comments Off

Genetically Modified Organisms, or GMOs, have been in the news a good bit the last few years–from ballot initiatives to require the labeling of GMO food, to concerns about health, both human and environmental. I want to put together a post that explains my thought process and opinions when it comes to GMO food, including some discussion on some of the more disingenuous propaganda I have seen in the last few months.

First off, lets define exactly what GMO foods are. They are crops that have been genetically engineered, in laboratory settings, with DNA from viruses, bacteria, plants and animals. The most widespread example is Roundup Ready corn and soy, which have had genes from a bacteria spliced into their DNA to make them immune to glyphosate, the main ingredient in Roundup. This allows farmers to spray their fields with Roundup without worrying about killing their food crops of corn and soybeans. Sounds great, right?

Well, the thing is, when normal plants are sprayed with Roundup, they take it up and it acts like a growth hormone, causing them to grow super fast on the cellular level and eventually die as their cells burst. The problem is, the genetically modified corn and soybeans still absorb the Roundup. They have no choice but to absorb it into their cells and tissue, where it becomes part of the plant and part of the food. This isn’t something you can just wash off. It is present at the cellular level and present in the end product as well. Now, just because these corn and soy plants don’t die from drinking in gallons of Roundup, doesn’t mean that people are any more suited to consume Roundup than before. Check out the warning label on some of that stuff. It’s not something you want to take a shot of, but that’s essentially what you are doing every time you sit down to anything made with corn or soy (which is essentially everything in the supermarket these days).

bolt's first day at home, sleeping under the corn

non-GMO corn makes the best napping spot

It turns out that Roundup is not only present in all of our food, but it’s also being found in human breastmilk, drinking water, and urine. But don’t worry, the EPA and USDA will protect us. It’s simple really, they can just raise the allowable amount of pesticides in our food whenever the amount of pesticides in our food goes up! See, everyone wins! Especially the lobbyists, politicians, judges, and appointed (by both democrats and republicans) regulators at the USDA who jump back and forth between working at Monsanto and writing the policies that regulate their profits.

Now, the standard line about GMOs has been that these modifications have resulted in using less chemicals, and have increased yields and profits for farmers. That may have been true in the beginning, but when you completely saturate a field in herbicide you start breeding and selecting for herbicide resistance in the weeds. This means that you have to spray more and buy more and chemicals from the biotech companies, and eventually you end up with superweeds that are completely resistant to chemicals.

But don’t worry, the USDA will just approve another, more toxic cocktail of chemicals that can be sprayed onto new and improved GMO seeds. Like 2,4-D, which is essentially Agent Orange and definitely something I want in my corn chips.

All of this, the bio-accumulation of more and more toxic pesticides in our bodies and the environment, is just part of the problem. Farmers, initially enticed by promises of higher yields, and who switched to GMO seeds are now seeing their yields and incomes decline as they buy more sprays and are faced with fields that are saturated in toxic chemicals. In addition to rising costs and lower yields, farmers are unable to save GMO seeds which carry a patent on the genes inside them and must be purchased year after year. These patents, which are extremely controversial, have even lead to secret “seed police” going out to fields and testing farmers crops for any sign of GMO genes. They then sue these farmers for patent infringement and often win.

This is a huge problem because crops like corn, which are wind pollinated, can pollinate other fields that are miles away. The precedent in court cases like these are that it’s the organic or small farmers responsibility to fence out the GMO pollen, and not responsibility of the GMO farmer to fence it in. And then, after your seed has been infected by GMO genes, Monsanto can come and sue you for stealing their genes!

Right now, we are at a crossroads when it comes to public opinion on GMO food. The latest propaganda effort to sway critical thinkers has been particularly effective because it covers the lie with a misdirection of truth. That is the argument that we, humans, have been genetically modifying our food for thousands of years. This argument essentially equates the domestication of livestock and crops through selective breeding, to transgenic gene splicing between plants and animals. This is not the same thing. In nature, there are a limited number of interactions and results that can occur, and due to the (relatively) slow process of domestication and natural breeding the outcomes are relatively stable and their consequences are minor. This is not the case with GMOs, where the introduction of DNA from an entirely different kingdom of species can not be fully understood, especially by studies paid for by the companies set to profit the most .

This argument is a clever and devious attempt to win over those with science and history backgrounds and critical thinking skills. It is despicable, especially for an institution like the Smithsonian, to submit arguments like this, and is an indication of how deep the connections between researchers, politicians, policy makers, the media, and biotech companies like Dupont, Monsanto,Conagra, Dow, and Baer are.

I don’t really need anymore reasons to avoid GMOs, which we try to do whenever possible, but searches on sites like the ones I’ve linked to in this post (especially Dr. Mercola’s) will also turn up article after article about the dangers and health risks of GMOs. The fact that these pesticides are in our food and are bio-accumulating in our bodies and the environment, along with the impact on farmers and soil health, give me more than enough reason to support efforts like the Non-GMO Project and the labeling of genetically modified foods. We’ll see what happens in the next few years, but I think the chances are high that we will see pushes from the mainstream to loosen organic certification standards to allow certain GMO foods. I hope it doesn’t happen, but even if it does, I know the solution is to source the highest quality, nutrient dense food we can from local producers, and to grow as much of our own vegetables, fruits, meat, and eggs as we can.

geese vs. chickens: which to choose?

October 29, 2014 / Emma / Comments Off

an unlikely duo: a bantam and a standard.

chickens vs. geese…

if you live outside of the city limits, and are looking to raise some birds, you might be wondering if you should begin with geese or chickens (or both!) as you begin your homestead.

here’s a few things that we’ve learned about chickens and geese, and hopefully we can provide some insight and help you make the choice that is best for you and your life!

self-sufficiency–winner: it’s a tie!

geese and chickens are both great at scrounging up food to eat. geese go for grass and greenery and chickens eat greenery and any random bugs, seeds, and tidbits they can find.

ability to protect themselves/immunity to predation— winner: geese!

geese win this one, by a long shot! our geese have never been threatened by any predators, unlike the chickens. geese are so much bigger and they are excellent at ganging up on a potential threat and flogging them (sometimes to death). chickens simply think of themselves and run, although depending on predator size, a rooster might do a nice job protecting his hens. geese are a formidable threat, and since they operate as a team, they are far more frightening!
even if you have a mostly predator-proof chicken house, if you ever let your chickens roam free, there is a chance a hawk could swoop in for the kill. you also have to be sure to safely secure your chickens at night, but not your geese. we often close the geese in their simple pen at night, but the cage is by no means completely predator proof (it doesn’t need to be!) and sometimes the geese even spend the night out in the yard.

intelligence–winner: geese!

the geese are, by far, smarter than the chickens. you can tell that they are greater strategists, have better memories, and are much less frantic when escaping human contact. the geese will look inquiringly at something new, craning their necks around, whereas the chickens will either run from it or peck it. on a related note, the chickens are much less social with each other than the geese, and you can really see the link between intelligence and having a more complex social communication.

personality–winner: geese!

largely due to their intelligence, the geese have much more entertaining personalities. jason and i feel that they are similar to dogs since each goose has their own fun attitude and temperament. they act offended when they don’t get their favorite food, sometimes follow us around like dogs, and even honk at us when we get home as though they’re bolt greeting us at the door.
we’ve decided that the coolest thing ever is going to be letting our future kids raise a few goslings and letting them imprint on them. then they’ll having a fantastic, protective companion to follow them around!

body size (for meat purposes)–winner: geese!

although goose meat is different than chicken, you’re going to get twice or three times as much meat from a goose!

egg laying–winner: chickens!

geese lay large eggs, but they taste different than chicken eggs and since they taste so rich, you might not want to eat them everyday. chicken eggs are great for so many things in the kitchen, and to cook a large goose egg you really need to be committed to getting stuffed!
geese only lay during one season of the year, and chickens lay nearly all year round with a few slow-down periods in production.

space needed–winner: chickens!

since geese are so much larger and really need a lot of grassy pasture if you plan to fatten them up for cheaper, chickens win in the space competition.

noisiness–winner: chickens!

you might be surprised about this, but the geese are exponentially louder than our roosters. their honk has the weird ability to literally cancel out all noise in the vicinity. when i’m trying to talk and the geese start honking, i cannot hear any of the words coming out of my own mouth, even if i yell!

guardian ability–winner: geese!

as i mentioned before, geese are good at watching each others’ backs, but they are also great alarms if a new person approaches your house… another way they’re like dogs! some geese (not ours) will even charge strange people and flog them until they leave. it all depends on what you want your geese to be and how you raise them (breed also matters, too). they can be anything from a warning system to an attacking flock!

overall, we recommend raising both geese and chickens, just like we recommend raising both standard and bantam chickens! each has their own pros and cons, so why not dive on in and reap the benefits of both?

.:.

A “Newt” Buddy!

October 27, 2014 / jason / Comments Off

While out harvesting a bed of sweet potatoes the other afternoon, I came across a new little buddy! A newt! I’m not sure if he was burrowing in the ground, prowling the vines for snacks, or if i accidentally buried him while digging and searching for sweet potatoes. But I was able to snap a few pics before I let him go in a different hugelkulture bed.

A Red-Spotted Newt prowling the sweet potato vines for a snack

It turns out that he/she is a eastern red spotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens). These guys eat small invertebrates mostly, and are a good sign that our garden is in a healthy and ecologically robust state. Some cool facts I found on the red spotted newt is that they navigate via a combination of magnetic and solar orientation, and that they have a small amount of toxin in their skin as a defense against predators.

He was moving pretty slowly, probably from the cold, and I was glad I got to hang out with him for a little. Finding newts. Just another reason to get outside and play in the dirt.

naming the new bantam chickens!

October 24, 2014 / Emma / Comments Off

i spent part of the afternoon outside, sitting on an indian blanket from the wedding, looking at our new bantam flock. they seem to be having a fine time inside of their new bantam mobile, and since their space is small and contained, i was able to get a really close look at all of them.

first of all, roosty is the leader of the new flock, and he has 4 of his old ladies with him: brin, who is brindle and just had a brief stay in the chicken spa because she was molting and looking ugly; q, who looks like a quail and is named after one; vanna, who has a white neck on a black body and is named after vanna white; and cleo, who is very broody and has a long black tuft on her head and a bright golden neck (so we named her after cleopatra).

i wanted to give the new hens names, but first i had to spend some time observing them and taking notes. at first they all looked alike to me, except for the hen now named perry, who has no comb or tuft of hair on her head and seriously looks like she is a sneaky hawk who has gone undercover with the chickens! some of the new hens have features that distinguish them from the rest of the flock–features that are very unique and noticeable in the crowd–but others have features that are similar to their mobilemates and thus needed to be observed more closely to tell them apart from one or two look-alikes. so i made this chart (i am an organizational nut at heart):

S Gray/S Black = speckled gray/speckled black

Neck color	Body color	Tuft on head?	Comb type	Other	Name
Gold	S Gray	Yes	Pink, big, crooked, floppy		Elvis
Gold	S Black	Yes	Pink, small, crooked, floppy		Presley
Gold	S Black	No	Pink, small	Orange wings	Red Wing
Gold	S Gray	No	Pink, small	Orange breast	Robin
Gold	S Black	Yes	Pink, small	Ring of missing feathers around her neck	Ringo
Gold	S Gray	Yes, very small	Pink, big	Orange spotted wings	Poka
Gold	Black	No	Pink, big		Oro
Gold	Black	No	Gray, small		Churo
Gold	Black	No	Gray, small	Small bodied	Teeny
Gold	S Black	No	None	Looks like a hawk	Perry

The traits that are highlighted in blue are the traits that played the largest factor in giving them their name. For example, the two with the very floppy combs were hard to tell apart until i looked more closely at comb size and the direction it flopped over their face. they both looked like they had elvis-like hair to me, so i named the one with the largest comb elvis and the one with the smaller comb, presley.

red wing, robin, poka, and ringo were easy to tell apart from the crowd, since they had deep orange wings, a deep orange breast, deep orange polka-dotted wings, and a ring of missing feathers around their necks, respectively. ringo‘s missing feathers were from getting her head stuck through chicken wire for an entire day before my dad noticed and could free her. hilariously, she still has the featherless ring!

oro and churo look very similar to the matronly cleo, so i decided to give them names with similar sounds. neither have black head tufts like cleo, but they both look like less regal versions of her anyway! teeny is the smallest-bodied of all, and has a really tiny gray comb, and perry, like i said, looks just like a hawk (named perry after the peregrine falcon).

and there you have it… our new chickens’ names. proof that even within a batch of seemingly similar things, you can tell those things apart if you sit and look long enough!

.:.

When is the Best Time to Harvest Chia Seed?

October 23, 2014 / jason / 2 Comments

When is the best time to harvest chia (salvia hispanica) seed?

After the flowers have dropped, and the seed pods have turned brown. You can pinch a few of the pods and smush them between your fingers to see if the seeds are black and fully ripe.

chia is a great homestead crop.It even grows well inter-planted among the sweet potatoes!

Last year we snipped off individual stalks of seed pods, there are anywhere from 1-20 on a plant depending on vigor, but this took a bit of time. Because the seeds seem to stay in the pods fairly well and not shatter and fall off when the plant is disturbed, I think this year we will just snip the chia off at the base with pruners and then shake the seeds out in one go.

the pods on the stalks turn brown when the chia seed is ripe

These plants are all volunteers form last year and have done fairly well. Chia, which is related to sage, is an ancient crop from central Mexico, with high levels of omega-3 fatty acids and other micro-nutrients. It is said that 1 tablespoon of chia seeds could supply a long distance Aztec runner with all the nutrition he needed for a days journey. We add the seeds to water, where the germinate into gooey globs of goodness that take the edge off of an empty stomach and just make the water taste better. Chia!

making a bantam chicken tractor!

October 22, 2014 / Emma / 2 Comments

yesterday i finally finished our bantam chicken tractor! very exciting!

it all started with an old truck camper with 1/2 of the roof removed.

the old truck camper, about to get re-purposed!

it took a little while for me to decide what design would be best for our new birds (bred by my father), and i thought about it a while. ultimately, i determined that having two “stories” to the structure would be the way to go, so that they could roost higher off the ground and not have roost bars on the lower level getting in their way as they spent the day grazing around the grass inside the tractor.

in order to make the second story, i added bent and molded electrical conduit which, once screwed together with self-tapping screws, was very sturdy.

screwing in the bent electrical conduit as a frame… tedious and exacting!

this process took the longest of all, since i had to hammer out certain portions of the conduit so that it was flatter and easier to drill into, and i also had to clamp the conduit to the camper framing so they it wouldn’t slide about while drilling (which it still wanted to do anyway!).

hammered out electrical conduit… flatter is always easier to drill into!

whew! the frame is finally done!

once the two conduits were attached, we decided that removing another 1/2 of the roof (3/4 now in total removed) would allow for more sun and fresh air to reach the bantams. the nest boxes (3 of them, made out of an old plastic planter) are attached to the tractor itself so that when the device moves, the egg box does too! we applied the same concept to the platform that holds their waterer.

now the egg box is firmly attached…

once these were secured, i started attaching hardware cloth to the open sides and open roof on the half of the tractor with just one story.

hardware cloth… be sure to wear gloves!

attaching the hardware cloth…

then i attached hardware cloth to a portion of the roof of the second story, leaving space for most of the second story to be covered in the sheet metal i removed from the camper. i added more sheet metal (that we found while cleaning out our woods) as the sides to the second story and finished level 2 off with some more hardware cloth that was woven to the top piece with electric fence wire.

i added hinged doors to the side with the nest box, so that we can open them up and get the eggs without any trouble. this also has a latch that locks so that if any clever raccoons get brave, they shouldn’t be able to get inside. we spray painted the whole contraption white and drilled holes in the sides of level 2 to slide in three nest bars. i added a rope to the front of the tractor so that we could easily slide it along to a fresh grass spot each day.

opening the nest box door to collect eggs!

and that was it! it was a three day project, but it was fun to make. we’re proud of our “chicken hotel,” and now all we have to do is convince all of the hens that they should roost instead of giving up and sleeping in the nest boxes. at least roosty will enjoy having his own flock without having to worry about rex bullying him!

.:.

Kale! The Superstar of the Fall and Winter Garden

October 21, 2014 / jason / 2 Comments

As the leaves start to turn and the acorns start to drop, the summer garden is ready to be put to bed. This is a time for mulching and cover-cropping, but it’s also a great time to grow a fall/winter garden. In reality, fall garden planning starts in the summer, but our homestead wedding took most of our energy and attention during that period of time. Still, we will not be going without fresh garden produce entirely. We can thank kale for this. The wonderful, green, nutritious, and delicious superstar of the fall and winter garden.

sweet potatoes and chia are some of the last crops of the summer garden

We planted a whole bunch about 2 weekends ago, in the empty garden spots vacated by our potatoes, and it has germinated and is off to the races. Our mild weather is helping it to establish itself before it truly gets cold, but even then, kale loves a frost, which just makes the leaves sweeter.

saving kale seeds was easy, and our germination was great!

We have 3 varieties in the ground, Vates (heat /cold resistant and tasty too), Lacinato (Italian heirloom from Tuscany also known as Dinosaur Kale), and our Siberian Kale seeds that we saved from last year. This should keep us well stocked with kale, and give us plenty of chances to make our famous kale soup with Neese’s sausage and homegrown potatoes!

Black Walnut Trees in the Home Landscape and Garden

October 20, 2014 / jason / 1 Comment

The other day, I was asked a great question in the comments section on my post about what wood to use in hugelkulture about planting black walnut trees. Specifically, about the ability of black walnut trees to “poison” other nearby plants with “chemical warfare.” I figured I would write up a post about some things to consider before planting these magnificent trees at your home or homestead.

First off, why do we even need to be concerned that a black walnut tree might kill our plants? Well, black walnut, along with hickory and pecan trees, produce a chemical called juglone. This chemical is toxic to many, but not all, species of plants and even some animals if consumed in large quantities. This gives black walnut trees an advantage in the wild, helping it to compete among other trees, vines and shrubs for sunlight, nutrients, and water. But not all plants are sensitive to juglone. In fact, many plants that co-evolved in the same areas with black walnut are not affected by the alleopathic effects of the juglone.

Furthermore, there are many factors that can influence a plant’s ability to live near a walnut tree and not succumb to the juglone poisoning. A few of the factors are related to soil and site conditions (pH, moisture, soil life), while others have to do with proximity to the tree. Because juglone does not travel very far in the soil, only plants immediately around black walnut trees are susceptible to poisoning. Also, by planting buffer trees, or trees that are not affected by juglone such as black locust, mullberry, elderberry, and black cherry, you can essentially contain the juglone to the area immediately under the tree.This area is particularly high in juglone because of the accumulation of leaves, nuts, nut hulls and roots.In this area, it’s best to only plant plants that are tolerant of juglone (check out a great resource here).

Plants that are not juglone tolerant include:

apple
azalea
birch, white
blackberry
blueberry
chrysanthemum
crocus, autumn
forget-me-not
grape, domestic
lily-of-the-valley
linden
mountain laurel
peony
pine
potato
rhododendron
thyme
tomato

Keep these far away from your black walnut tree, and make sure that when it drops its leaves in the fall, that they don’t settle down and decompose around these plants.

Personally, I think that there are a lot of options when it comes to using black walnut in the landscape, particularly in a food forest setting. With a little research, and some planning, anyone can take advantage of its majestic shape, delicious nuts, and extremely valuable timber. The nuts are easily planted in the fall, 3-4 deep and covered with a layer of either straw or leaf mulch. After freezing and thawing all winter, they should germinate in the spring. Just make sure to mark them off so you don’t mow them down next year!

goodbye, sweet bridey: the best friend anyone could hope for

October 19, 2014 / Emma / 4 Comments

dear, sweet bridey!

what can i begin to say about bridey, the most wonderful dog? i guess i can begin by saying that on september 7, she stopped living. it’s been hard to process because jason and i had to launch ourselves into wedding preparation, and at first i felt like i didn’t get enough time to properly mourn her death. then, the more i thought about it, the more i realized that she would have wanted it that way. given a choice, and knowing her, she would have rather the world continue on around her, just as she always preferred. let me explain further…

ever since i “inherited” her from my friend and roommate who moved to mexico, she and i have always had a quiet, “no need to discuss it” relationship. she never really liked a lot of attention, and when i had friends over she would visit with them for a minute and then promptly dismiss herself and go find her solitary corner to lay in. she never really followed me around the house like bolt does; she always did her own thing and enjoyed her alone time. “strange for a dog,” i always thought. she always seemed so solitary and certainly didn’t like people hugging her or getting too close to her face.

we had an understanding, she and i… we were best friends, but we didn’t need to constantly hang out or be on top of each other (as some dogs like to do). she never slept in the bedroom with me, always preferring to stay on her bed by the front of the house and guard the door. she would bark when she heard strange noises and walk around the house all stiff-legged, just ready for the bad guys to come in. they never did, of course, and i’m sure that’s due largely in part to her bravery and commitment to protecting her house and her friend.

she didn’t care much for other dogs, and just like she was with people, she would visit with them for a little bit and then walk away for some alone time. she and i were partners, best friends, companions. she was always there, no matter what and during my entire adult life, beginning when i was 18, she lived with me and watched over me.

she died on a saturday, about 3 weeks before jason and i got married, almost as though she knew she didn’t need to stick around to take care of me anymore. she was 15 years old, and she had a good long life for a dog. right up until the last few weeks she continued to have fun. her hearing was mostly gone, and jason and i spent many an afternoon laughing at the funny antics that an old, deaf dog can get into. she had certainly gone a little bit senile (who can blame her, living with me for almost a decade?), and would forget that she was walking sometimes and just stop and stand. she had also started to become restless in her old age, and would walk around and get her feet tangled up in her leash. up until the end, her eye sight was alright and that was our best communication with her, that and petting her.

i’m also grateful to her because she taught bolt a little bit about how to be a good dog. she had to put up with a lot from him, and even though i know she secretly enjoyed it, it was still tiresome.

when i walk around our land, i can see her everywhere: in the briar patch where she got lost one morning in the predawn and i had to crawl in and rescue her; on bridey’s run which is named after her because once she started going downhill on that trail her legs would take over and she wouldn’t be able to slow down or stop until she fell over; by her grave, which is at the end of bridey’s run covered in hay and waiting for the clover to grow next spring.

she was such a good friend to me and my family and i will never forget her. i know that her patience, calm demeanor, and laid back and fun-loving attitude will never be matched in another dog that we may have. she was unique and kind and understanding.

the day we decided to put her to sleep was a hard one. we knew that it was coming, because for months she had been wearing diapers (she could no longer control her bathroom urges) and weeks before she had started walking around in the kitchen when we were at work and getting horribly stuck in furniture and spending all day stuck. even after we confined her to the kitchen, and tried to move furniture around, she would find a way to get stuck under the dining room table or even under a regular chair.

we knew she was near the end when she stopped wanting to eat bread, her favorite food of all time (once, she stole freshly baked bread from the counter and hid pieces of it in the sofa and under my pillow for later). she stopped eating everything, couldn’t stand up or support herself if we stood her up, and couldn’t get her mouth to work to drink water. we didn’t want her to dehydrate or starve as her last experience on earth, so we decided to put her to sleep.

i was able to talk to her before the end, thank her for all that she was and that she had done for me, and tell her how much i loved her. i was able to lay with her and pet her and just love her and be with her.

afterwards, i was able to carry her body in my arms down to the grave and lay her in with her favorite rug, some flowers, some bread, a chew toy, and her favorite stuffed animal from years ago. we also sent her with some chicken feathers, since she used to love to chase chickens.

bridey is laid to rest.

jason and i dug the hole and we covered her up together. her grave is right at the end of bridey’s run, and will forever be visible to anyone walking the path to our pond. she will always be here with us, on our land.

bridey was an amazing friend and companion for so long, and we will miss her.

we will miss her, and although we’ve said goodbye, we’ve not said goodbye forever.

.:.

KW Homestead

Pasture Raised Poultry & Edible Landscaping Plants Since 2013